JOURNAL OF THE CZECH PEDIATRIC SOCIETY AND THE SLOVAK PEDIATRIC SOCIETY

Čes-slov Pediat 2026, 81(88):28-32

Hyperuricemia in children and adolescents with obesity - a review of current knowledge

Jan Boženský1, Eva Havránková2, 3, Magdalena Pencová4, Pavel Ješina4
1 Dětské oddělení, Nemocnice AGEL Ostrava-Vítkovice
2 Olivova dětská léčebna, o.p.s., Říčany u Prahy
3 Pediatrická klinika, 1. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova a Fakultní Thomayerova nemocnice, Praha
4 Metabolické centrum, Klinika pediatrie a dědičných poruch metabolismu, 1. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice, Praha

Hyperuricemia is a common, yet often overlooked, metabolic comorbidity of childhood obesity. Although gout is rare in children, chronic elevation of uric acid can have similar systemic

consequences as in adults - including the development of arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and kidney damage. This article summarizes current knowledge about its prevalence, pathophysiology, consequences, diagnosis and treatment in children and adolescents with obesity.

Keywords: hyperuricemia, obesity, children, uric acid, allopurinol, prevention, cardiovascular risk

Received: October 9, 2025; Revised: October 9, 2025; Accepted: January 30, 2026; Published: March 1, 2026  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Boženský J, Havránková E, Pencová M, Ješina P. Hyperuricemia in children and adolescents with obesity - a review of current knowledge. Ces-slov Pediat. 2026;81(Suppl.):28-32.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Major TJ, Dalbeth N, Stahl EA, et al. An update on the genetics of hyperuricaemia and gout. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2018; 14(6): 341-353. Go to original source...
    2. Tin A, Marten J, Halperin Kuhns VL, et al. Target genes, variants, tissues and transcriptional pathways influencing human serum urate levels. Nat Genet 2019; 51(10): 1459-1474. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Kubota M. hyperuricemia in children and adolescents: present knowledge and future directions. J Nutr Metab 2019. Go to original source...
    4. Doležel Z, Jesina P, Stiburkova B. Severe hyperuricemia in two children with acute gastroenteritis: Questions. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35(8): 1429-1430. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Du L, Zong Y, Li H, et al. Hyperuricemia and its related diseases: mechanisms and advances in therapy. J Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9(1): 212. Go to original source...
    6. Gong M, Wen S, Nguyen T, et al. converging relationships of obesity and hyperuricemia with special reference to metabolic disorders and plausible therapeutic implications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13: 943-962. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Toyoki D, Shibata S, Kuribayashi-Okuma E, et al. Insulin stimulatesuric acid reabsorption via regulating urate transporter 1 and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2017; 313(3): F826-F834. Go to original source...
    8. Sautin YY, Nakagawa T, Zharikov S, et al. Adverse effects of the classic antioxidant uric acid in adipocytes: NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative/nitrosative stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293(2): C584-96. Go to original source...
    9. Larsson SC, Burgess S, Michaëlsson K. Genetic association between adiposity and gout: a Mendelian randomization study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57(12): 2145-2148. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Lyngdoh T, Vuistiner P, Marques-Vidal P, et al. Serum uric acid and adiposity: deciphering causality using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach. PLoS One 2012. Go to original source...
    11. Pacifico L, Cantisani V, Anania C, et al. Serum uric acid and its association with metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis in overweight/obese children. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160(1): 45-52. Go to original source...
    12. Niu F, Li Y, Zhao Y, et al. Obesity-induced insulin resistance is mediated by high uric acid in obese children and adolescents: a mendelian randomization analysis. Front Endocrinol 2021; 12. Go to original source...
    13. Jørgensen RM, Bøttger B, Vestergaard ET, et al. Uric acid is elevated and associated with anthropometric and metabolic risk markers in children with obesity and decreases after weight loss. Front Pediatrics 2022; 9: 814166. Go to original source...
    14. Vasco J, Tavares M, Mansilha HF. Association between hyperuricemia, body composition, and comorbidities in an obese pediatric population. J Nutr Metab 2025. Go to original source...
    15. Stiburkova B, Lukesova M, Zeman J. Pediatrics hyperuricemia in clinical practice: A retrospective analysis in 1753 children and adolescents with hyperuricemia Joint Bone Spine 2025; 92(1). Go to original source...
    16. Taner S, Gezici E, Unal A, et al. The association of obesity and hyperuricemia with ambulatory blood pressure in children. .Pediatr Nephrol 2025; 40(3): 787-796. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Wei Y, Zhu J, Wetzstein SA. Plasma and water fluoride levels and hyperuricemia among adolescents: A cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the United States for 2013-2016 Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021. Go to original source...
    18. Lee JH. Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its association with metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean children and adolescents: analysis based on the 2016-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Pediatr 2019; 62(8): 317-323. Go to original source...
    19. Rao J, Ye P, Lu J, et al. Prevalence and related factors of hyperuricaemia in Chinese children and adolescents: a pooled analysis of 11 population-based studies. China Child and Adolescent Hyperuricemia Study (CCAHS) Consortium. Ann Med 2022; 54(1): 1608-1615. Go to original source...
    20. Honda M, Horiuchi H, Torii T, et al. Urate-lowering therapy for gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia in the pediatric population: a cross-sectional study of a Japanese health insurance database BMC Pediatr 2021; 21(1): 581. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. www.vfn.cz/pacienti/kliniky-ustavy/ustav-lekarske-biochemie-a-laboratorni-diagnostiky/
    22. Flynn, JT, Kaelber, DC, Baker-Smith, CM, et al. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2017; 140(3). Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, et al. European guidelines for obesity management in adults. Obesity Facts 2015; 8(6): 402-424. Go to original source...
    24. Wharton S, Lau DCW, Vallis M, et al. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline. Canad Med Assoc J 2020; 192(31): E875-E891. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Togashi K, Masuda H, Iguchi K. Effect of diet and exercise treatment for obese Japanese children on abdominal fat distribution Res Sports Med 2010; 18(1): 62-70. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Floriánková M, Bláhová Š, Pencová M, et al. Nutriční terapie u pacientů s dědičnými poruchami metabolismu. Čes-slov Pediatr 2018; 73 (6): 395-407.
    27. Krzystek-Korpacka M, Patryn E, Kustrzeba-Wojcicka I, et al. The effect of a one-year weight reduction program on serum uric acid in overweight/obese children and adolescents Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49(5): 915-921. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Chen Z, Xue X, Ma L, et al. Effect of low-purine diet on the serum uric acid of gout patients in different clinical subtypes: a prospective cohort study Eur J Med Res 2024; 29: 449. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Nicholls A, Scott JT. Effect of weight-loss on plasma and urinary levels of uric acid. Lancet 1972; 2(7789): 1223-4. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Liu X, Wang X, Cui L. Association between oral vitamin C supplementation and serum uric acid: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Complement Ther Med 2021: 60. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Qin X, Li Y, He M, et al. Folic acid therapy reduces serum uric acid in hypertensive patients: a substudy of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT). Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105(4): 882-889. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Zhang Y, Qiu HJ. Folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 intake in relation to hyperuricemia. Clin Med 2018; 7(8): 210. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Fitzgerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the management of gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72(6): 744-760. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Sapankaew T, Thadanipon K, Ruenroengbun N, et al. Efficacy and safety of urate-lowering agents in asymptomatic hyperuricemia: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials BMC Nephrol 2022; 23(1): 223. Go to original source...
    35. Sampson AL, Singer RF, Walters GD. Uric acid lowering therapies for preventing or delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; (10). Go to original source...
    36. Li L, Yang C, Zhao Y, et al. Is hyperuricemia an independent risk factor for new-onset chronic kidney disease?: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on observational cohort studies. BMC Nephrol 2014; 15(1): 1-2. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    37. Vrablik M, Borghi C, Rosolová H, et al. Diagnostika a léčba hyperurikemie v kardiovaskulární prevenci na základě patofyziologického mechanismu jejího vzniku - Expertní konsenzus českých a slovenských odborníků 2024. Vnitr Lek 2024; 70(8): 491-500.
    38. Somkrua R, Eickman E, Saokaew S, et al. Association of HLA-B*5801 allele and allopurinol-induced Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med Genet 2011; 12: 118. Go to original source...
    39. Gokcel A, Gumurdulu Y, Karakose H, et al. Evaluation of the safetyand efficacy of sibutramine, orlistat and metformin in the treatmentof obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2002; 4(1): 49-55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    40. Barskova V, Eliseev M, Kudaeva F, et al. Effect of metformin on theclinical course of gout and insulin resistance. Klin Med 2009; 87(7): 41-46.
    41. Zhao Y, Xu L, Tian D, et al. Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on serum uric acid level: A meta-analysis of ran-domized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20(2): 458-462. Go to original source...
    42. Najafi, S, Bahrami, M, Butler, AE, et al. The effect of glucagonlike peptide1 receptor agonists on serum uric acid concentration: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88(8): 36273637. Go to original source...
    43. Kaneko K, Tsuruga K, Takayanagi F, et al. Daily amount of purine in commonly recommended well-balanced diets in Japan and overseas. Nutrients 2024; 16(23): 4066. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content