Česko-slovenská pediatrie, 2025 (vol. 80), issue 6
Childhood asthma
Žofia Varényiová, Václav Koucký
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):273-277 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/056 
Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in childhood. Its prevalence ranges between 9-11%. The disease is characterized by chronic inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and variable bronchial obstruction. In children, the clinical presentation varies depending on age. Diagnosis is based on the evaluation of medical history and clinical symptoms, as well as laboratory tests and, depending on age, available pulmonary function tests. Management is individual, age-specific, and includes anti-inflammatory and relief treatment, with the main goal being to achieve full disease control with minimal side effects....
Differential diagnosis of disorders of consciousness in children
Vladimír Komárek
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):278-279 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/058
Intentional self-poisoning in Czech adolescents from 2011 to 2024: multiplicated incidence, changing spectrum of misused substances, and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic
Jan Lebl, Barbora Jírová, Filip Jeřábek, David Viktora
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):280-285 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/057
Pediatric inpatient wards in the Czech Republic and other countries are facing an increasing influx of adolescent patients with intentional self-poisoning (ISP). The aim of this retrospective analysis was to assess the incidence of ISP, the types of substances used, patient age, and seasonality among those acutely hospitalized at the Department of Pediatrics, Motol University Hospital, over a 14-year period. Between 2011 and 2024, a total of 1,038 patients were admitted due to ISP (807 girls and 231 boys; sex difference p < 0.0001). The annual number increased from 21 cases in 2011 to 197 in 2024. The predominance of girls became particularly evident...
Complicated pneumonia in a vaccinated child - caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3
Daniel Točík, Adam Švepeš, Jan Hřídel, Sandra Vohrnová, Jana Kozáková, Jakub Jonáš
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):286-290 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/037
Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the leading cause of pneumonia in children under 5 years of age worldwide, despite established vaccination programs. This case report describes a severe course of pneumonia complicated with fluidothorax, lung atelectasis and necrosis of lung parenchyma, requiring surgical intervention. The causative pathogen was identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae, specifically serotype 3, which is included in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine administered to the patient previously according to the recommended schedule. Serotype 3 in one of the most frequently reported pneumococcal serotypes assosiated with vaccine failure.
Liver involvement in celiac disease
Pavlína Suchá, Daniela Kosorínová, Daniela Kapustová, Zuzana Havlíčeková, Miloš Jeseňák
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):291-294 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/027
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder occurring in individuals with a genetic predisposition who consume gluten. The manifestation of celiac disease is diverse, presenting either as a classic gastrointestinal phenotype or througt extraintestinal manifestations. Celiac disease can be associated with liver diseases of various etiologies, including autoimmune liver diseases, celiac hepatitis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Hepatic involvement is usually mild and reversible, although in rare cases, it can progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver failure. This...
Gillespie syndrome
Adriána Zelníková, Anna Maurská, Ivana Paučinová, Michal Štubňa
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):295-298 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/035
Gillespie syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: non-progressive cerebellar ataxia, partial aniridia, and psychomotor delay. The incidence of this disease is extremely low, with a prevalence of less than 1:1,000,000 live births. The syndrome is associated with pathogenic variants in the ITPR1 gene, which is responsible for the regulation of calcium channels in cells. In this paper, we present the case of a 5-year-old boy diagnosed with Gillespie syndrome. The 5-year-old boy was referred for an eye examination due to the finding of "big pupils". The first symptoms appeared at the age of four months...
Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in pediatric non-oncological gastrointestinal surgery: possibilities and perspectives
Dmytro Klymenko, Ivana Slivová, Lubomír Martínek, Peter Ihnát
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):299-303 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/013
Fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green (ICG) represents a novel technology that has the potential to markedly enhance surgical outcomes, particularly in the context of gastrointestinal abdominal surgery. The available data suggest that ICG may also be advantageously used in paediatric patients undergoing gastrointestinal procedures, including surgery for necrotising enterocolitis, oesophageal atresia or gastrointestinal reconstruction. The pharmacological properties of ICG include rapid elimination, safety with proper dosing and minimal risk of adverse effects. Nevertheless, the paucity of data pertaining to the utilisation of ICG in paediatric...
New trends in the management of anaphylaxis in pediatric patients
Barbora Piteková, Jakub Gécz, Marcel Brenner, Adam Markocsy, Miloš Jeseňák
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):304-309 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/036
Anaphylaxis is a pediatric emergency. Early recognition and correct management are core components to deal with this life-threatening situation. Recently published recommendations emphasize the critical importance of rapid recognition of anaphylaxis symptoms and epinephrin administration without delay. The proper management of pediatric patients with anaphylaxis receives increased attention today and recommendations for clinical practice have been updated.
How do premature Czech children grow in the first two years of life and how can their growth be assessed in a quality way?
Hana Kosek Krásničanová, Jana Tuková, Marie Hladíková, Jiří Helmich, Daniela Marková
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(6):310-315 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/012
Preterm infants are a large specific paediatric subpopulation whose numbers have grown significantly in recent decades. Prematurity is a clinical syndrome of its kind, where a crucial approach is to monitor auxological parameters that are an exact correlate of the well-being of individuals of all pediatric age groups. Deterioration of auxological parameters is the predominant manifestation of many serious clinical conditions, and detection of growth alterations is thus an essential part of the care of high-risk individuals born prematurely. Routine assessment of auxological status generally benefits more from precise dynamic evaluation of normalized...