Česko-slovenská pediatrie, 2025 (vol. 80), issue 5
Artificial intelligence in imaging methods
Lukáš Lambert, Vojtěch Suchánek, Lukáš Mikšík, Jana Svítilová
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):219-225 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/042 
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have introduced novel opportunities in diagnostic imaging, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize resource utilization, and improve patient comfort. While AI concepts have existed for decades, only recent improvements in computational power have enabled their widespread integration into clinical workflows. This article reviews key applicatio ns of AI in pediatric radiology-a field where the limited availability of high-quality annotated training data remains a major constraint. AI technologies are being deployed across various stages of the imaging process: from optimizing examination requests...
The use of artificial intelligence methods in pathology
Vojtěch Damian, Uladzislau Palichenka, Miroslav Koblížek, Petr Škapa, Josef Zámečník
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):226-230 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/043
Perspectives on artificial intelligence in clinical microbiology
Jakub Hurych, Pavel Dřevínek
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):231-234 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/044
Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as a revolutionary tool with the potential to fundamentally transform the operation of clinical microbiology laboratories. With its ability to automate routine tasks, analyze complex data sets, and recognize patterns often missed by the human eye, AI can significantly contribute to greater efficiency, standardization, and accuracy in laboratory diagnostics. One of the key application areas is image data analysis-whether it involves interpreting microscopic smears (e.g., Gram staining) or digital reading of culture plates, where algorithms identify colonies, estimate their number, color, and morphology,...
Seven current trends in artificial intelligence in pediatrics
Andrej Thurzo, Ľudmila Podracká
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):235-238 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/041
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly finding its application in pediatrics across various areas of medicine. This review presents seven of the most current topics in the use of AI in pediatric care, including diagnostic imaging, predictive analytics for early warning of deterioration, personalized medicine with a focus on genomics and pharmacogenomics, support in diagnosing neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorders, intelligent clinical decision support systems, telemedicine and remote monitoring, as well as the ethical challenges related to implementing AI in children. In each of these domains, research already demonstrates tangible benefits...
Atypical HUS with thrombomodulin mutation - clinical course and response to complement inhibition
Ľudmila Podracká, Darina Buzašiová, Štefan Pavlík, Kamila Karľová
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):239-243 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/038
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease classified among thrombotic microangiopathies. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury, with dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway being the key pathogenic mechanism. We present the case of a 13-month-old child diagnosed with aHUS, in whom a rare mutation in the thrombomodulin gene (THBD, variant P501L) was identified. This mutation impairs the regulation of complement activation, thereby contributing to disease development. The clinical course was complicated by severe extra-renal manifestations, including neurological and pulmonary...
Lung disease in newborns
Peter Korček, Zuzana Korčeková
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):244-251 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/039
Gender dysphoria and gender incongruence in children and adolescents: a guide for pediatric practice
Pavel Theiner
Čes-slov Pediat 2025, 80(5):252-255 | DOI: 10.55095/CSPediatrie2025/040
The role of the paediatrician is crucial in the care of children and adolescents with gender issues. Basic concepts facilitate communication with patients, their families, and among professionals. The new version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) offers a new perspective on the topic and introduces the term gender incongruence. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals, particularly adolescents, seeking medical care for gender issues, and the patient spectrum has also shifted. Consequently, recently developed and currently used care guidelines are undergoing reassessment because, considering...